One of the most important issues in design of geothermal projects is the management of. Jakarta pt pertamina geothermal energi pge said it has started the commercial operation of its geothermal power plant pltp kamojang unit 5 in garut, west java, indonesias first and oldest geothermal plant in the country. The model is sufficiently to flexible to explore alternative views on a wide range of contentious issues. Planning and financing power generation pdf world bank energy sector management assistance program esmap geothermal energy is heat thermal derived from the earth geo it is the thermal energy contained in the rock and fluid that fills the fractures and pores within the rock in the earths crust. Prefeasibility study for geothermal power development projects in scattered islands of east indonesia study report march 2008 engineering and consulting firms association, japan. Geothermal researched, written, and compiled by marilyn nemzer, deborah page, and anna carter for the energy education group, a division of the california study, inc. It is located in the volcanic terrain of west java indonesia, 1500 m above sea level m a. O based on the results we either go for step 2b or stop the project. Kamojang geothermal project design document 900 kb accepted 14 jun 2011 view previous. The kamojang geothermal field is one of the worlds few developed dry steam reservoir. Indonesias geothermal power plant installed capacity ebtke, 2016.
Kamojang one 30mwe and two 55mwe double flash plants. It quantifies alternative ways of thinking about climate change. Ganesha 10 bandung 402, indonesia 2 pertamina, geothermal division, jl. Guide to reporting for geothermal fluid activities under. Kamojang is the first geothermal field in indonesia with a vapor dominated system reservoir. Book identifies a series of actions to develop the geothermal sector in the eu, particularly. The production of electricity from geothermal fields is an italian initiative. Kamojang unit 123 constantly produces 140,000 kwe with high quality equivalent availability factor eaf of 93% on average which comes from 1,000 th steam supply.
Exploration best practices for any natural resource commodity should aim to reduce the resource risk prior to significant capital investment, for a fraction of the cost of the planned investment. The kawah kamojang geothermal field is located 42 km south east of bandung in west java, on the gandapuraguntur volcano complex. Due to the lack of natural steam reservoirs geothermal energy got little attention in germany in the past. Most of the geothermal reservoirs in the united states are located in the western states, alaska, and hawaii. Amiata italy, the geysers california, matsukawa japan e kawah kamojang indonesia, while the most important waterdominated ones are in wairakei new zealand and cerro prieto mexico. Stage 1 development of the kamojang geothermal power. Ulumbu geothermal power plant in west flores to operate.
Pertamina unit starts commercial operation of geothermal. The inversion suggests that the kamojang caldera structure dictates the subsurface ushape propylitic ridge in a steam dominated region. This geothermal field is the oldest exploited geothermal field in indonesia. These types of models have been used for modeling a number of geothermal systems in iceland, turkey, philippines, china, mexico and other countries. The field, which is operated by pertamina a state owned oil company, has been producing steam to supply. Geothermal energy refers to heat energy stored under the ground for millions of years through the earth formation. Basics of geothermal energy production and use gives an overview of what you should know about this renewable energy resource.
The crater can also be reached from the opposite direction through the town of garut, in garut regency the. Geothermal energy huttrer 2000, lund and freestone 2000 is worldwide the most extensively used renewable energy besides hydropower and biomass direct use. Halliburton geothermal r free download as powerpoint presentation. The field is at an elevation of about 1500 metres above msl and lies between the rural centres of majalya and garut see map 1. The new journal geothermal energy science, society, technology offers not only an open access forum for discussion of various aspects of geothermal energy resources and technology including. Investigation of the use of the ensemble kalman filter. Geothermal task force at the direction of the governor and mayor, a geothermal task force consisting of the directors of dbed, doh and dlnr. The development of kamojang unit 123 since the 1980s marked the first utilization of indonesias geothermal field.
With its built capacity of 30 mwe, it constantly supply electricity to javabali grid for more than 30 years now. Kamojang geothermal reservoir is dominated by vapor with temperature of 235 245 c and pressure of 34 35 bar abs. New geothermal law amandment of law 272003 on geothermal revision of gr 592007 on geothermal business activities revision of mr no 112009 on guidelines for implementation of geothermal business mr no. Pdf one of the challenge identified in developing geothermal energy. Geothermal energy may not be a large contributor to the u. Geothermal power plant unit 1, unit 2 and unit 3 are. Geothermal energy is site specific but can be very cheap especially when used for direct heating. In kenya, hydroelectric power has been the mainstay of the. Geothermal fluid waste from a kamojang well of approximately 160. Because of unsuitable physical characteristics, solid geothermal wastes are not reused, but disposed of in solid waste landfills. However, geothermal heat pumps are still a secondary choice in most design scenarios. The kamojang geothermal field is one of only a few dry steam reservoirs in the world which have been developed for energy production.
The heat will be extracted to produce a room drying temperature, for which coffee bean will be used as an experi. Geologists use different methods to look for geothermal reservoirs. Workshops announced for geothermal resources council annual meeting pdf may 30 please note. Pdf preliminary analysis of drysteam geothermal power plant. Unit1 kamojang geothermal power plant marked the new era of renewable energy in indonesia. Kamojangdarajat has increased 22% from previous period. Geothermal energy is totally distinctive, easy to obtain continuously, uninfluenced by weather, simply enough to explore and most importantly, it. Geothermal projects are capital intensive business, where upfront costs of projects, from the early exploration stage to the operation of a geothermal power plant may take years to develop, and the initial capital requirements is comparatively high. Reliable, affordable, and environmentally sound energy for americas future.
How geothermal heat pumps work using a heat exchanger, a geothermal heat pump can move heat from one space to another. Merge is a model for estimating the regional and global effects of greenhouse gas reductions. Java kamojang geothermal area open energy information. The kamojang geothermal field kgf is a typical vapor dominated hydrothermal system in west java, indonesia. Pdf surface thermal manifestation monitoring of kamojang. Geothermal energy 5 activities department of energy. In summer, the geothermal heat pump extracts heat from a building and transfers it to the ground for cooling. Pdf the objectives of this study are to perform the exergy analysis and ambient temperature optimization of the kamojang geothermal power. The kamojang unit 4 geothermal power plant is located around 40 km south east of bandung, west java and about 24 km north west of garut at an elevation of about 1500 m above sea level. An enhanced geothermal system egs is a manmade reservoir, created where there is hot rock but insufficient or little natural permeability or fluid. Grc annual meeting workshops geothermal resources council. Extra modules can be added as more power is needed. Ulumbu geothermal power plant in west flores to operate all 4. Those attending premeeting workshops and fieldtrips and.
Kamojang, popularly known as kawah kamojang or the kamojang crater, is a geothermal field and tourist spot in west java, indonesia. Italy, the geysers california, matsukawa japan e kawah kamojang indonesia, while the most important waterdominated ones are in wairakei new zealand and cerro prieto mexico. Geothermal energy is one of the components of the national energy policy. Pdf geophysical structure of the kamojang geothermal. Pltp ulumbu is located in wewo village, ulumbu, subdistrict satarmese, manggarai regency, east nusa tenggara, which is about 22 miles south of ruteng town, the capital of.
Dickson and mario fanelli istituto di geoscienze e georisorse, pisa, italy heat is a form of energy and geothermal energy is literally the heat contained within the earth that generates geological phenomena on a planetary scale. And while the concept is old, new technology is making it easier for grid operators to utilize this important resource. Ongoing geothermal projects and investment opportunities. Pioneering geothermal development in tanzania geothermal exploration drilling activities ggdp round table, 19. The geophysical exploration of the kamojang geothermal field was undertaken in two phases, a reconnaissance phase between 1972 and 1974 and a followup survey between 1976 and 1980. A geothermal power plant usually consists of two or more turbinegenerator modules in one plant. However, after the merger between california energy and. The use of geothermal energy in germany is actually restricted to a. All shapes and sizes geothermal power plants come small 300 kw to 10 mw, medium 10 mw to 50 mw, and large 50 mw to 100 mw and higher. It includes simple definitions, descriptions, and figures and cites key national reports that provide further information. Horst kreuter, director, geothermal power tanzania ltd. Guide to reporting for geothermal fluid activities under the new zealand emissions trading scheme 5 4 unique emissions factors climate change unique emissions factors regulations 2009. The construction of the power plant has been completed two months ahead of schedule.
Crown geothermal tenure is defined through the act and includes steam, water, vapour and all substances dissolved in the steam, water or vapour obtained from a well. Introduction a generalized resistivity structure of geothermal system usually comprise of a propylitic zone blanketed by gothermal clay caps as shown in figure 1. This paper aims to show the success of the company on environmental management of geothermal industry by. Within the production period, the kamojang reservoir pressure and temperature has decreased by around 9. The first repeated absolute gravity measurement for. Pertamina geothermal energy area kamojang, west java. Kamojang generation business unit gbu is the biggest geothermal generating station in indonesia and is owned by pt indonesia power. Geothermal energy production waste scales radiation protect. Sustainable development of the kamojang geothermal field. A naturally occurring geothermal system, known as a hydrothermal system, is defined by three key elements. Halliburton geothermal r recruitment project management. Java kamojang geothermal area is a known geothermal resource area. Geothermal heat pump systems have sustained extensive growth due to their energy savings potential. Converting geothermal knowledge into megawatts youtube.
The geothermal steam is taken from three wells with measured depth of 1,887. Review on geothermal direct use application as an alternative. In winter, the geothermal heat pump takes natural heat from the ground and transfers it to the home or building for. It is located in an area of high elevation, 40 km south east of bandung, indonesia figure 1.
Water content of the kawah kamojang geothermal reservoir. Prefeasibility study for geothermal power development. The potential resources calculated using volumetric analysis suggest a power potential of 150250 mwe pertamina kamojang, 1999 within the reservoir area of 7,52 km2 12,5 km2. Design of a geothermal energy dryer for beans and grains. In iceland, geothermal energy heats houses, powers industry and ensures gushing hot water fills bathtubs and thermal spas year round.
In the period of 20, both unit of gunung salak and kamojangdarajat become the top five on energy sector, which resulted as green category of beyond compliance criteria. The kamojang geothermal field is located in high volcanic terrain beneath the upper slopes of the gandapura volcanic complex in west java, indonesia. The crater is located in subdistrict ibun in the bandung regency, approximately 45 km to the southeast of bandung through the towns of majalaya and ibun. Drilling a well and testing the temperature deep underground is the only way to be sure a geothermal reservoir really exists. Socioenvironmental aspects on solid waste, air pollution. Finally, in order to allow a lasting exploitation of this energy source it is.
Home energy geothermal an aquifer, that is a permeable geological formation, where water can infiltrate and circulate freely through pores or fractures. Clean development mechanism cdm project for kamojang. O we might use volumetric methods to roughly assess the possible energy output. It utilizes a rich storage of unutilized thermal energy that exists under the earths crust. Construction and operation of kamojang unit4, the first. Over those period, unit1 has given its best performance with highest achievement on capacity factor cf and equivalent availability factor eaf. Figure 1 shows location map of kamojang geothermal power plant. Stage 1 development of the kamojang geothermal power station. Mhps was born through the merger of the thermal power generation. With 8,480 mwe potential from 15 geothermal concessions, pge will play a very important role in future geothermal energy development in indonesia. Mushroom harvesting project in kamojang in year 2000 and now pge work. The field has been producing electricity since 1978.
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